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Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels

Agarose gels containing and not bacteriorhodopsin purple membranes (incorporated before gelling) manifest spontaneous optical anisotropy. The dependencies of the anisotropy on the agarose concentration and time have been studied. The rise in the anisotropy is explained by the predominant orientation...

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Autores principales: Zhivkov, Alexandar M., Hristova, Svetlana H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9690220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36421575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8110753
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author Zhivkov, Alexandar M.
Hristova, Svetlana H.
author_facet Zhivkov, Alexandar M.
Hristova, Svetlana H.
author_sort Zhivkov, Alexandar M.
collection PubMed
description Agarose gels containing and not bacteriorhodopsin purple membranes (incorporated before gelling) manifest spontaneous optical anisotropy. The dependencies of the anisotropy on the agarose concentration and time have been studied. The rise in the anisotropy is explained by the predominant orientation of the agarose fibers during the gelling and subsequent deformation of the gel net. In the electric field, additional optical anisotropy rises, which is caused by the orientation of the membranes. A procedure has been developed to separate electrically induced and spontaneous anisotropy in composite gels. The isoelectric points and surface electric potential of bacteriorhodopsin trimer and purple membranes are calculated by the method of protein electrostatics to explain their electric asymmetry, which leads to perpendicular orientation in the direct electric field and longitudinal in the kilohertz sinusoidal field. The results allow for an increase in the separation capability of composite gels of electrophoresis for macromolecules with different sizes by applying an appropriate electric field to modulate the effective pore size.
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spelling pubmed-96902202022-11-25 Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels Zhivkov, Alexandar M. Hristova, Svetlana H. Gels Article Agarose gels containing and not bacteriorhodopsin purple membranes (incorporated before gelling) manifest spontaneous optical anisotropy. The dependencies of the anisotropy on the agarose concentration and time have been studied. The rise in the anisotropy is explained by the predominant orientation of the agarose fibers during the gelling and subsequent deformation of the gel net. In the electric field, additional optical anisotropy rises, which is caused by the orientation of the membranes. A procedure has been developed to separate electrically induced and spontaneous anisotropy in composite gels. The isoelectric points and surface electric potential of bacteriorhodopsin trimer and purple membranes are calculated by the method of protein electrostatics to explain their electric asymmetry, which leads to perpendicular orientation in the direct electric field and longitudinal in the kilohertz sinusoidal field. The results allow for an increase in the separation capability of composite gels of electrophoresis for macromolecules with different sizes by applying an appropriate electric field to modulate the effective pore size. MDPI 2022-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9690220/ /pubmed/36421575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8110753 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhivkov, Alexandar M.
Hristova, Svetlana H.
Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels
title Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels
title_full Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels
title_fullStr Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels
title_full_unstemmed Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels
title_short Spontaneous and Electrically Induced Anisotropy of Composite Agarose Gels
title_sort spontaneous and electrically induced anisotropy of composite agarose gels
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9690220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36421575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8110753
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