Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition Activities of Schiff’s Bases Based on Quinazoline-Linked Benzenesulfonamide

Human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) (hCA) isoforms I, II, IX, and XII were investigated for their inhibitory activity with a series of new Schiff’s bases based on quinazoline scaffold 4–27. The hCA I isoform was efficiently inhibited by Schiff’s bases 4–6, 10–19, 22–27 and had an inhibition constant (Ki) value of 52.8–991.7 nM compared with AAZ (Ki, 250 nM). Amongst the quinazoline derivatives, the compounds 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 16, 18, 24, 26, and 27 were proven to be effective hCA II inhibitors, with Ki values of 10.8–52.6 nM, measuring up to AAZ (Ki, 12 nM). Compounds 2–27 revealed compelling hCA IX inhibitory interest with Ki values of 10.5–99.6 nM, rivaling AAZ (Ki, 25.0 nM). Quinazoline derivatives 3, 10, 11, 13, 15–19, and 24 possessed potent hCA XII inhibitory activities with K(I) values of 5.4–25.5 nM vs. 5.7 nM of AAZ. Schiff’s bases 7, 8, 9, and 21 represented attractive antitumor hCA IX carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) with K(I) rates (22.0, 34.8, 49.2, and 45.3 nM, respectively). Compounds 5, 7, 8, 9, 14, 18, 19, and 21 showed hCA I inhibitors on hCA IX with a selectivity index of 22.46–107, while derivatives 12, 14, and 18 showed selective hCA I inhibitors on hCA XII with a selectivity profile of 45.04–58.58, in contrast to AAZ (SI, 10.0 and 43.86). Compounds 2, 5, 7–14, 19–23, and 25 showed a selectivity profile for hCA II inhibitors over hCA IX with a selectivity index of 2.02–19.67, whereas derivatives 5, 7, 8, 13, 14, 15, 17, 20, 21, and 22 showed selective hCA II inhibitors on hCA XII with a selectivity profile of 4.84–26.60 balanced to AAZ (SI, 0.48 and 2.10).