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Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme
BACKGROUND: For the past two decades, the percentage of European children who consume fruit daily has remained at around 40%, despite numerous school-based policy efforts and interventions. This study aimed to apply a systems approach to provide an integrated perspective of the mechanisms of the Eur...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9706111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36444113 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckac054 |
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author | Zolfaghari, Mahshid Meshkovska, Biljana Banik, Anna Kamphuis, Carlijn B M Kopainsky, Birgit Luszczynska, Aleksandra Murrin, Celine Lien, Nanna |
author_facet | Zolfaghari, Mahshid Meshkovska, Biljana Banik, Anna Kamphuis, Carlijn B M Kopainsky, Birgit Luszczynska, Aleksandra Murrin, Celine Lien, Nanna |
author_sort | Zolfaghari, Mahshid |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: For the past two decades, the percentage of European children who consume fruit daily has remained at around 40%, despite numerous school-based policy efforts and interventions. This study aimed to apply a systems approach to provide an integrated perspective of the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme (the Scheme) to understand better how to increase its long-term impact on children’s fruit and vegetable consumption. METHODS: We developed a causal loop diagram by synthesizing peer-reviewed articles and national government documents related to the Scheme, following the conceptualization steps of system dynamics. The initial causal loop diagrams were then validated in three stages by consulting with experts (two individuals and a group) in school-based fruit and vegetable programmes, children's fruit and vegetable consumption and the Scheme, using disconfirmatory interview guidelines. RESULTS: The findings suggest that a central self-reinforcing mechanism through which children socialize during fruit and vegetable consumption is critical in the habituation process. Additionally, the initial increase in children’s fruit and vegetable consumption following the Scheme implementation is due to growth in three self-reinforcing loops related to motivation and capability mechanisms; however, this trend gradually slows and stops due to four balancing feedback loops with alternative goals related to opportunity mechanisms that reach their limits. CONCLUSIONS: The scheme's design should incorporate activities that align the objectives of the implementers and recipients of the Scheme at all levels. This alignment should provide children with ongoing opportunities to consume fruits and vegetables and strengthen the motivation and capability mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9706111 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97061112022-11-30 Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme Zolfaghari, Mahshid Meshkovska, Biljana Banik, Anna Kamphuis, Carlijn B M Kopainsky, Birgit Luszczynska, Aleksandra Murrin, Celine Lien, Nanna Eur J Public Health Supplement Papers BACKGROUND: For the past two decades, the percentage of European children who consume fruit daily has remained at around 40%, despite numerous school-based policy efforts and interventions. This study aimed to apply a systems approach to provide an integrated perspective of the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme (the Scheme) to understand better how to increase its long-term impact on children’s fruit and vegetable consumption. METHODS: We developed a causal loop diagram by synthesizing peer-reviewed articles and national government documents related to the Scheme, following the conceptualization steps of system dynamics. The initial causal loop diagrams were then validated in three stages by consulting with experts (two individuals and a group) in school-based fruit and vegetable programmes, children's fruit and vegetable consumption and the Scheme, using disconfirmatory interview guidelines. RESULTS: The findings suggest that a central self-reinforcing mechanism through which children socialize during fruit and vegetable consumption is critical in the habituation process. Additionally, the initial increase in children’s fruit and vegetable consumption following the Scheme implementation is due to growth in three self-reinforcing loops related to motivation and capability mechanisms; however, this trend gradually slows and stops due to four balancing feedback loops with alternative goals related to opportunity mechanisms that reach their limits. CONCLUSIONS: The scheme's design should incorporate activities that align the objectives of the implementers and recipients of the Scheme at all levels. This alignment should provide children with ongoing opportunities to consume fruits and vegetables and strengthen the motivation and capability mechanisms. Oxford University Press 2022-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9706111/ /pubmed/36444113 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckac054 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Supplement Papers Zolfaghari, Mahshid Meshkovska, Biljana Banik, Anna Kamphuis, Carlijn B M Kopainsky, Birgit Luszczynska, Aleksandra Murrin, Celine Lien, Nanna Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme |
title | Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme |
title_full | Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme |
title_fullStr | Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme |
title_full_unstemmed | Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme |
title_short | Applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the European School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme |
title_sort | applying a systems perspective to understand the mechanisms of the european school fruit and vegetable scheme |
topic | Supplement Papers |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9706111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36444113 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckac054 |
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