Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China

The contamination of soil and groundwater with BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes) is a common issue at petrochemical sites, posing a threat to the ecosystems and human health. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biodegradation of BTEX in the subsurface of a petrochemical site...

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Autores principales: Chen, Xuexia, Zhang, Shuai, Yi, Lijin, Liu, Zhengwei, Ye, Xiangyu, Yu, Bo, Shi, Shuai, Lu, Xiaoxia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9778668/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416449
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author Chen, Xuexia
Zhang, Shuai
Yi, Lijin
Liu, Zhengwei
Ye, Xiangyu
Yu, Bo
Shi, Shuai
Lu, Xiaoxia
author_facet Chen, Xuexia
Zhang, Shuai
Yi, Lijin
Liu, Zhengwei
Ye, Xiangyu
Yu, Bo
Shi, Shuai
Lu, Xiaoxia
author_sort Chen, Xuexia
collection PubMed
description The contamination of soil and groundwater with BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes) is a common issue at petrochemical sites, posing a threat to the ecosystems and human health. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biodegradation of BTEX in the subsurface of a petrochemical site near the Yangtze River, thus providing scientific basis for bioremediation of the contaminated site. Both molecular analysis of field samples and microcosm study in the laboratory were performed for the evaluation. Soil and groundwater samples were collected from the site. Microcosms were constructed with inoculum from the soil and incubated anaerobically in the presence of nitrate, ferric oxide, manganese oxide, sulfate, and sodium bicarbonate, respectively. The initial concentration of each component of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, o-xylene) was 4–5 mg/L. Actinobacteria was dominant in the highly contaminated soil, while Proteobacteria was dominant in the slightly contaminated soil and the groundwater. The relative abundances of Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, and Caldiserica were higher in the highly contaminated soil and groundwater samples compared to those in the corresponding slightly contaminated samples. The relative abundances of predicted functions, such as carbohydrate transport and metabolism, nucleotide transport and metabolism, coenzyme transport and metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, etc., in the highly contaminated soil and groundwater samples were higher than those in the corresponding slightly contaminated samples. In microcosms, biodegradations of BTEX occurred, and the first-order rate constants in the presence of various electron acceptors had the following order: sulfate (0.08–0.10/d) > sodium bicarbonate (0.07–0.09/d) > ferric oxide (0.04–0.06/d) > nitrate (0.03–0.05/d) > manganese oxide (0.01–0.04/d).
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spelling pubmed-97786682022-12-23 Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China Chen, Xuexia Zhang, Shuai Yi, Lijin Liu, Zhengwei Ye, Xiangyu Yu, Bo Shi, Shuai Lu, Xiaoxia Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The contamination of soil and groundwater with BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes) is a common issue at petrochemical sites, posing a threat to the ecosystems and human health. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biodegradation of BTEX in the subsurface of a petrochemical site near the Yangtze River, thus providing scientific basis for bioremediation of the contaminated site. Both molecular analysis of field samples and microcosm study in the laboratory were performed for the evaluation. Soil and groundwater samples were collected from the site. Microcosms were constructed with inoculum from the soil and incubated anaerobically in the presence of nitrate, ferric oxide, manganese oxide, sulfate, and sodium bicarbonate, respectively. The initial concentration of each component of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, o-xylene) was 4–5 mg/L. Actinobacteria was dominant in the highly contaminated soil, while Proteobacteria was dominant in the slightly contaminated soil and the groundwater. The relative abundances of Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, and Caldiserica were higher in the highly contaminated soil and groundwater samples compared to those in the corresponding slightly contaminated samples. The relative abundances of predicted functions, such as carbohydrate transport and metabolism, nucleotide transport and metabolism, coenzyme transport and metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, etc., in the highly contaminated soil and groundwater samples were higher than those in the corresponding slightly contaminated samples. In microcosms, biodegradations of BTEX occurred, and the first-order rate constants in the presence of various electron acceptors had the following order: sulfate (0.08–0.10/d) > sodium bicarbonate (0.07–0.09/d) > ferric oxide (0.04–0.06/d) > nitrate (0.03–0.05/d) > manganese oxide (0.01–0.04/d). MDPI 2022-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9778668/ /pubmed/36554330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416449 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Xuexia
Zhang, Shuai
Yi, Lijin
Liu, Zhengwei
Ye, Xiangyu
Yu, Bo
Shi, Shuai
Lu, Xiaoxia
Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China
title Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China
title_full Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China
title_fullStr Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China
title_short Evaluation of Biodegradation of BTEX in the Subsurface of a Petrochemical Site near the Yangtze River, China
title_sort evaluation of biodegradation of btex in the subsurface of a petrochemical site near the yangtze river, china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9778668/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416449
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