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Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises
BACKGROUND: Plank exercise (PE) is a whole-body isometric muscle training which is beneficial for physical health. However, none of the previous studies investigated the responses within a typical isometric muscle training or PE protocol consisting of multiple sets. The application of PE was restric...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806881/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36593498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00613-z |
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author | Huang, Zihao Wang, Biru Song, Kangping Wu, Shaoping Kong, Huimin Guo, Lan Liang, Qi |
author_facet | Huang, Zihao Wang, Biru Song, Kangping Wu, Shaoping Kong, Huimin Guo, Lan Liang, Qi |
author_sort | Huang, Zihao |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Plank exercise (PE) is a whole-body isometric muscle training which is beneficial for physical health. However, none of the previous studies investigated the responses within a typical isometric muscle training or PE protocol consisting of multiple sets. The application of PE was restricted for the understudied metabolic and cardiovascular responses, especially for the patients with cardiovascular diseases. This study is to alleviate the safety concerns of PE by investigating the PE-induced metabolic and cardiovascular responses. METHODS: Eleven male recreational-level college students completed a baseline cardiopulmonary exercise test, continuous PE (CPE) and intermittent PE (IPE). Ratio of maximal oxygen uptake per kilogram of body mass (%VO(2max)/kg), ratio of maximal heart rate (%HR(max)), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were continuously measured during PEs and divided into seven equal timepoints. Blood pressure (BP) was measured every minute during, before, and after PEs. A mixed-model repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine the interaction effect of exercise × phase. RESULTS: The %VO(2max)/kg (F(6,69)=11.25, P < 0.001), %HR(max) (F(6,65)=7.74, P < 0.001), RER (F(6,69)=11.56, P < 0.001), and BP (systolic BP, F(2,26)=8.42, P = 0.002; diastolic BP, F(2,24)=22.63, P < 0.001) increased by safe magnitudes. Compared with the corresponding period in the IPE group, the %VO(2max)/kg (33.5 [2.2] vs. 27.7 [1.9], P = 0.043) and %HR(max) (63.2 [3.9] vs. 53.3 [2.1], P = 0.019) increased more significantly from the 40% duration of CPE. Systolic BP increased by larger magnitudes during CPE than IPE (154.2 [3.8] vs. 142.3 [4.8] mmHg, P = 0.002). RERs were over 1 during PEs without cardiovascular and metabolic variables over the anaerobic threshold. CONCLUSION: Energy was mainly supplied by anaerobic metabolism during PEs. CPE may be preferable for trainees aiming at anaerobic capacity enhancement. IPEs may be preferable to CPEs for youth patients with mild and borderline cardiovascular diseases due to their lower metabolic and cardiovascular responses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9806881 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98068812023-01-03 Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises Huang, Zihao Wang, Biru Song, Kangping Wu, Shaoping Kong, Huimin Guo, Lan Liang, Qi BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil Research BACKGROUND: Plank exercise (PE) is a whole-body isometric muscle training which is beneficial for physical health. However, none of the previous studies investigated the responses within a typical isometric muscle training or PE protocol consisting of multiple sets. The application of PE was restricted for the understudied metabolic and cardiovascular responses, especially for the patients with cardiovascular diseases. This study is to alleviate the safety concerns of PE by investigating the PE-induced metabolic and cardiovascular responses. METHODS: Eleven male recreational-level college students completed a baseline cardiopulmonary exercise test, continuous PE (CPE) and intermittent PE (IPE). Ratio of maximal oxygen uptake per kilogram of body mass (%VO(2max)/kg), ratio of maximal heart rate (%HR(max)), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were continuously measured during PEs and divided into seven equal timepoints. Blood pressure (BP) was measured every minute during, before, and after PEs. A mixed-model repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine the interaction effect of exercise × phase. RESULTS: The %VO(2max)/kg (F(6,69)=11.25, P < 0.001), %HR(max) (F(6,65)=7.74, P < 0.001), RER (F(6,69)=11.56, P < 0.001), and BP (systolic BP, F(2,26)=8.42, P = 0.002; diastolic BP, F(2,24)=22.63, P < 0.001) increased by safe magnitudes. Compared with the corresponding period in the IPE group, the %VO(2max)/kg (33.5 [2.2] vs. 27.7 [1.9], P = 0.043) and %HR(max) (63.2 [3.9] vs. 53.3 [2.1], P = 0.019) increased more significantly from the 40% duration of CPE. Systolic BP increased by larger magnitudes during CPE than IPE (154.2 [3.8] vs. 142.3 [4.8] mmHg, P = 0.002). RERs were over 1 during PEs without cardiovascular and metabolic variables over the anaerobic threshold. CONCLUSION: Energy was mainly supplied by anaerobic metabolism during PEs. CPE may be preferable for trainees aiming at anaerobic capacity enhancement. IPEs may be preferable to CPEs for youth patients with mild and borderline cardiovascular diseases due to their lower metabolic and cardiovascular responses. BioMed Central 2023-01-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9806881/ /pubmed/36593498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00613-z Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Huang, Zihao Wang, Biru Song, Kangping Wu, Shaoping Kong, Huimin Guo, Lan Liang, Qi Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises |
title | Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises |
title_full | Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises |
title_fullStr | Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises |
title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises |
title_short | Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises |
title_sort | metabolic and cardiovascular responses to continuous and intermittent plank exercises |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806881/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36593498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00613-z |
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