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Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the fundamental anti-cancer regimens by means of inducing in situ tumor vaccination and driving a systemic anti-tumor immune response. It can affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) components consisting of blood vessels, immunocytes, fibroblasts...

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Autores principales: Wang, Nuo-Han, Lei, Zheng, Yang, Hao-Nan, Tang, Zheng, Yang, Meng-Qi, Wang, Ying, Sui, Jiang-Dong, Wu, Yong-Zhong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AME Publishing Company 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9843429/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36660640
http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-22-6049
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author Wang, Nuo-Han
Lei, Zheng
Yang, Hao-Nan
Tang, Zheng
Yang, Meng-Qi
Wang, Ying
Sui, Jiang-Dong
Wu, Yong-Zhong
author_facet Wang, Nuo-Han
Lei, Zheng
Yang, Hao-Nan
Tang, Zheng
Yang, Meng-Qi
Wang, Ying
Sui, Jiang-Dong
Wu, Yong-Zhong
author_sort Wang, Nuo-Han
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the fundamental anti-cancer regimens by means of inducing in situ tumor vaccination and driving a systemic anti-tumor immune response. It can affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) components consisting of blood vessels, immunocytes, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix (ECM), and might subsequently suppress anti-tumor immunity through expression of molecules such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 therapies, have been regarded as effective in the reinvigoration of the immune system and another major cancer treatment. Experimentally, combination of RT and ICIs therapy shows a greater synergistic effect than either therapy alone. METHODS: We performed a narrative review of the literature in the PubMed database. The research string comprised various combinations of “radiotherapy”, “programmed death-ligand 1”, “microenvironment”, “exosome”, “myeloid cell”, “tumor cell”, “tumor immunity”. The database was searched independently by two authors. A third reviewer mediated any discordance of the results of the two screeners. KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: RT upregulates PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and macrophages. The signaling pathways correlated to PD-L1 expression in tumor cells include the DNA damage signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) pathway, cGAS-STING pathway, and JAK/STATs pathway. CONCLUSIONS: PD-L1 upregulation post-RT is found not only in tumor cells but also in the TME and is one of the mechanisms of tumor evasion. Therefore, further studies are necessary to fully comprehend this biological process. Meanwhile, combination of therapies has been shown to be effective, and novel approaches are to be developed as adjuvant to RT and ICIs therapy.
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spelling pubmed-98434292023-01-18 Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review Wang, Nuo-Han Lei, Zheng Yang, Hao-Nan Tang, Zheng Yang, Meng-Qi Wang, Ying Sui, Jiang-Dong Wu, Yong-Zhong Ann Transl Med Review Article BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the fundamental anti-cancer regimens by means of inducing in situ tumor vaccination and driving a systemic anti-tumor immune response. It can affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) components consisting of blood vessels, immunocytes, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix (ECM), and might subsequently suppress anti-tumor immunity through expression of molecules such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 therapies, have been regarded as effective in the reinvigoration of the immune system and another major cancer treatment. Experimentally, combination of RT and ICIs therapy shows a greater synergistic effect than either therapy alone. METHODS: We performed a narrative review of the literature in the PubMed database. The research string comprised various combinations of “radiotherapy”, “programmed death-ligand 1”, “microenvironment”, “exosome”, “myeloid cell”, “tumor cell”, “tumor immunity”. The database was searched independently by two authors. A third reviewer mediated any discordance of the results of the two screeners. KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: RT upregulates PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and macrophages. The signaling pathways correlated to PD-L1 expression in tumor cells include the DNA damage signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) pathway, cGAS-STING pathway, and JAK/STATs pathway. CONCLUSIONS: PD-L1 upregulation post-RT is found not only in tumor cells but also in the TME and is one of the mechanisms of tumor evasion. Therefore, further studies are necessary to fully comprehend this biological process. Meanwhile, combination of therapies has been shown to be effective, and novel approaches are to be developed as adjuvant to RT and ICIs therapy. AME Publishing Company 2022-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9843429/ /pubmed/36660640 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-22-6049 Text en 2022 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Article
Wang, Nuo-Han
Lei, Zheng
Yang, Hao-Nan
Tang, Zheng
Yang, Meng-Qi
Wang, Ying
Sui, Jiang-Dong
Wu, Yong-Zhong
Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review
title Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review
title_full Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review
title_fullStr Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review
title_full_unstemmed Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review
title_short Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review
title_sort radiation-induced pd-l1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9843429/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36660640
http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-22-6049
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