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Smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, body mass index, and peptic ulcer risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Background: Observational evidence has shown that smoking, alcohol consumption, type 2 diabetes, and body mass index (BMI) are risk factors for peptic ulcer disease (PUD), including gastric ulcer (GU) and duodenal ulcer (DU). However, the observed associations may be confounding factors. Herein, we...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9852705/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36685897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.992080 |