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Vitamin D Fortification and Its Effect on Athletes’ Physical Improvement: A Mini Review
Poor vitamin D status is a widespread problem regardless of age and sex, emphasizing the necessity of new food sources to improve vitamin D levels. Currently, approximately 60% of dietary vitamin D consumption occurs via fortified foods. Vitamin D insufficiency (50–90%) is widespread according to ag...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857868/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36673348 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12020256 |
Sumario: | Poor vitamin D status is a widespread problem regardless of age and sex, emphasizing the necessity of new food sources to improve vitamin D levels. Currently, approximately 60% of dietary vitamin D consumption occurs via fortified foods. Vitamin D insufficiency (50–90%) is widespread according to age and region, despite different levels of sunlight exposure. The food industry must identify more effective strategies to increase normal dietary vitamin D intake and improve overall health. Strategies for vitamin D fortification include bioaddition, wherein a vitamin D-rich food source is added to staple foods during processes. These bioadditive strategies expand the range of vitamin D-containing foods and appeal to different preferences, cultures, and economic statuses. In several countries, vitamin D deficiency places athletes at a high risk of disease susceptibility. Due to low sun exposure, athletes in countries with higher and lower levels of sunlight have similar risks of vitamin D deficiency. In this review, we summarize recent technical advances to promote vitamin D utilization by humans during sports activities and in relation to the normal practices of athletes. |
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