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Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND: Although it is known that resistance training can be as effective as stretch training to increase joint range of motion, to date no comprehensive meta-analysis has investigated the effects of resistance training on range of motion with all its potential affecting variables. OBJECTIVE: Th...

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Autores principales: Alizadeh, Shahab, Daneshjoo, Abdolhamid, Zahiri, Ali, Anvar, Saman Hadjizadeh, Goudini, Reza, Hicks, Jared P., Konrad, Andreas, Behm, David George
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9935664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36622555
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01804-x
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author Alizadeh, Shahab
Daneshjoo, Abdolhamid
Zahiri, Ali
Anvar, Saman Hadjizadeh
Goudini, Reza
Hicks, Jared P.
Konrad, Andreas
Behm, David George
author_facet Alizadeh, Shahab
Daneshjoo, Abdolhamid
Zahiri, Ali
Anvar, Saman Hadjizadeh
Goudini, Reza
Hicks, Jared P.
Konrad, Andreas
Behm, David George
author_sort Alizadeh, Shahab
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Although it is known that resistance training can be as effective as stretch training to increase joint range of motion, to date no comprehensive meta-analysis has investigated the effects of resistance training on range of motion with all its potential affecting variables. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of chronic resistance training on range of motion compared either to a control condition or stretch training or to a combination of resistance training and stretch training to stretch training, while assessing moderating variables. DESIGN: For the main analysis, a random-effect meta-analysis was used and for the subgroup analysis a mixed-effect model was implemented. Whilst subgroup analyses included sex and participants’ activity levels, meta-regression included age, frequency, and duration of resistance training. DATA SOURCES: Following the systematic search in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and reference lists, 55 studies were found to be eligible. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Controlled or randomized controlled trials that separately compared the training effects of resistance training exercises with either a control group, stretching group, or combined stretch and resistance training group on range of motion in healthy participants. RESULTS: Resistance training increased range of motion (effect size [ES] = 0.73; p < 0.001) with the exception of no significant range of motion improvement with resistance training using only body mass. There were no significant differences between resistance training versus stretch training (ES = 0.08; p = 0.79) or between resistance training and stretch training versus stretch training alone (ES = − 0.001; p = 0.99). Although “trained or active people” increased range of motion (ES = 0.43; p < 0.001) “untrained and sedentary” individuals had significantly (p = 0.005) higher magnitude range of motion changes (ES = 1.042; p < 0.001). There were no detected differences between sex and contraction type. Meta-regression showed no effect of age, training duration, or frequency. CONCLUSIONS: As resistance training with external loads can improve range of motion, stretching prior to or after resistance training may not be necessary to enhance flexibility. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-022-01804-x.
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spelling pubmed-99356642023-02-18 Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Alizadeh, Shahab Daneshjoo, Abdolhamid Zahiri, Ali Anvar, Saman Hadjizadeh Goudini, Reza Hicks, Jared P. Konrad, Andreas Behm, David George Sports Med Systematic Review BACKGROUND: Although it is known that resistance training can be as effective as stretch training to increase joint range of motion, to date no comprehensive meta-analysis has investigated the effects of resistance training on range of motion with all its potential affecting variables. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of chronic resistance training on range of motion compared either to a control condition or stretch training or to a combination of resistance training and stretch training to stretch training, while assessing moderating variables. DESIGN: For the main analysis, a random-effect meta-analysis was used and for the subgroup analysis a mixed-effect model was implemented. Whilst subgroup analyses included sex and participants’ activity levels, meta-regression included age, frequency, and duration of resistance training. DATA SOURCES: Following the systematic search in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and reference lists, 55 studies were found to be eligible. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Controlled or randomized controlled trials that separately compared the training effects of resistance training exercises with either a control group, stretching group, or combined stretch and resistance training group on range of motion in healthy participants. RESULTS: Resistance training increased range of motion (effect size [ES] = 0.73; p < 0.001) with the exception of no significant range of motion improvement with resistance training using only body mass. There were no significant differences between resistance training versus stretch training (ES = 0.08; p = 0.79) or between resistance training and stretch training versus stretch training alone (ES = − 0.001; p = 0.99). Although “trained or active people” increased range of motion (ES = 0.43; p < 0.001) “untrained and sedentary” individuals had significantly (p = 0.005) higher magnitude range of motion changes (ES = 1.042; p < 0.001). There were no detected differences between sex and contraction type. Meta-regression showed no effect of age, training duration, or frequency. CONCLUSIONS: As resistance training with external loads can improve range of motion, stretching prior to or after resistance training may not be necessary to enhance flexibility. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-022-01804-x. Springer International Publishing 2023-01-09 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9935664/ /pubmed/36622555 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01804-x Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Alizadeh, Shahab
Daneshjoo, Abdolhamid
Zahiri, Ali
Anvar, Saman Hadjizadeh
Goudini, Reza
Hicks, Jared P.
Konrad, Andreas
Behm, David George
Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort resistance training induces improvements in range of motion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9935664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36622555
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01804-x
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