Cargando…

Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine

Inactivated vaccines are promising tools for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied several protocols for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation (by β-propiolactone, formaldehyde, and UV radiation) and examined the morphology of viral spikes, protein composition of the preparations, and their immunoreactivity...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kordyukova, Larisa V., Moiseenko, Andrey V., Serebryakova, Marina V., Shuklina, Marina A., Sergeeva, Maria V., Lioznov, Dmitry A., Shanko, Andrei V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851694
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020480
_version_ 1784895871536594944
author Kordyukova, Larisa V.
Moiseenko, Andrey V.
Serebryakova, Marina V.
Shuklina, Marina A.
Sergeeva, Maria V.
Lioznov, Dmitry A.
Shanko, Andrei V.
author_facet Kordyukova, Larisa V.
Moiseenko, Andrey V.
Serebryakova, Marina V.
Shuklina, Marina A.
Sergeeva, Maria V.
Lioznov, Dmitry A.
Shanko, Andrei V.
author_sort Kordyukova, Larisa V.
collection PubMed
description Inactivated vaccines are promising tools for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied several protocols for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation (by β-propiolactone, formaldehyde, and UV radiation) and examined the morphology of viral spikes, protein composition of the preparations, and their immunoreactivity in ELISA using two panels of sera collected from convalescents and people vaccinated by Sputnik V. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed us to distinguish wider flail-like spikes (supposedly the S-protein’s pre-fusion conformation) from narrower needle-like ones (the post-fusion state). While the flails were present in all preparations studied, the needles were highly abundant in the β-propiolactone-inactivated samples only. Structural proteins S, N, and M of SARS-CoV-2 were detected via mass spectrometry. Formaldehyde and UV-inactivated samples demonstrated the highest affinity/immunoreactivity against the convalescent sera, while β-propiolactone (1:2000, 36 h) and UV-inactivated ones were more active against the sera of people vaccinated with Sputnik V. A higher concentration of β-propiolactone (1:1000, 2 h) led to a loss of antigenic affinity for both serum panels. Thus, although we did not analyze native SARS-CoV-2 for biosafety reasons, our comparative approach helped to exclude some destructive inactivation conditions and select suitable variants for future animal research. We believe that TEM is a valuable tool for inactivated COVID-19 vaccine quality control during the downstream manufacturing process.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9961907
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-99619072023-02-26 Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine Kordyukova, Larisa V. Moiseenko, Andrey V. Serebryakova, Marina V. Shuklina, Marina A. Sergeeva, Maria V. Lioznov, Dmitry A. Shanko, Andrei V. Viruses Article Inactivated vaccines are promising tools for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied several protocols for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation (by β-propiolactone, formaldehyde, and UV radiation) and examined the morphology of viral spikes, protein composition of the preparations, and their immunoreactivity in ELISA using two panels of sera collected from convalescents and people vaccinated by Sputnik V. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed us to distinguish wider flail-like spikes (supposedly the S-protein’s pre-fusion conformation) from narrower needle-like ones (the post-fusion state). While the flails were present in all preparations studied, the needles were highly abundant in the β-propiolactone-inactivated samples only. Structural proteins S, N, and M of SARS-CoV-2 were detected via mass spectrometry. Formaldehyde and UV-inactivated samples demonstrated the highest affinity/immunoreactivity against the convalescent sera, while β-propiolactone (1:2000, 36 h) and UV-inactivated ones were more active against the sera of people vaccinated with Sputnik V. A higher concentration of β-propiolactone (1:1000, 2 h) led to a loss of antigenic affinity for both serum panels. Thus, although we did not analyze native SARS-CoV-2 for biosafety reasons, our comparative approach helped to exclude some destructive inactivation conditions and select suitable variants for future animal research. We believe that TEM is a valuable tool for inactivated COVID-19 vaccine quality control during the downstream manufacturing process. MDPI 2023-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9961907/ /pubmed/36851694 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020480 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kordyukova, Larisa V.
Moiseenko, Andrey V.
Serebryakova, Marina V.
Shuklina, Marina A.
Sergeeva, Maria V.
Lioznov, Dmitry A.
Shanko, Andrei V.
Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine
title Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine
title_full Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine
title_fullStr Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine
title_full_unstemmed Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine
title_short Structural and Immunoreactivity Properties of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein upon the Development of an Inactivated Vaccine
title_sort structural and immunoreactivity properties of the sars-cov-2 spike protein upon the development of an inactivated vaccine
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851694
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020480
work_keys_str_mv AT kordyukovalarisav structuralandimmunoreactivitypropertiesofthesarscov2spikeproteinuponthedevelopmentofaninactivatedvaccine
AT moiseenkoandreyv structuralandimmunoreactivitypropertiesofthesarscov2spikeproteinuponthedevelopmentofaninactivatedvaccine
AT serebryakovamarinav structuralandimmunoreactivitypropertiesofthesarscov2spikeproteinuponthedevelopmentofaninactivatedvaccine
AT shuklinamarinaa structuralandimmunoreactivitypropertiesofthesarscov2spikeproteinuponthedevelopmentofaninactivatedvaccine
AT sergeevamariav structuralandimmunoreactivitypropertiesofthesarscov2spikeproteinuponthedevelopmentofaninactivatedvaccine
AT lioznovdmitrya structuralandimmunoreactivitypropertiesofthesarscov2spikeproteinuponthedevelopmentofaninactivatedvaccine
AT shankoandreiv structuralandimmunoreactivitypropertiesofthesarscov2spikeproteinuponthedevelopmentofaninactivatedvaccine