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The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour
Previous research has shown that the endosperm microstructure and physical properties of grain have significance in grain processing and in the development of processing machines. The aim of our study was to analyze the endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties, and specific milling ene...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9984367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36869096 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30285-9 |
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author | Warechowska, Małgorzata Anders, Andrzej Warechowski, Józef Bramowicz, Mirosław Markowska-Mendik, Agnieszka Rejmer, Wojciech Tyburski, Józef Kulesza, Sławomir |
author_facet | Warechowska, Małgorzata Anders, Andrzej Warechowski, Józef Bramowicz, Mirosław Markowska-Mendik, Agnieszka Rejmer, Wojciech Tyburski, Józef Kulesza, Sławomir |
author_sort | Warechowska, Małgorzata |
collection | PubMed |
description | Previous research has shown that the endosperm microstructure and physical properties of grain have significance in grain processing and in the development of processing machines. The aim of our study was to analyze the endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties, and specific milling energy of organic spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour. Image analysis combined with fractal analysis was used to describe the microstructural differences of the endosperm of spelt grain. The endosperm morphology of spelt kernels was monofractal, isotropic, and complex. A higher proportion of Type-A starch granules resulted in an increased proportion of voids and interphase boundaries in the endosperm. Changes in the fractal dimension were correlated with kernel hardness, specific milling energy, the particle size distribution of flour, and the starch damage rate. Spelt cultivars varied in size and shape of the kernels. Kernel hardness was a property that differentiated specific milling energy, particle size distribution of flour, and starch damage rate. Fractal analysis may be considered as a useful tool for evaluating milling processes in the future. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9984367 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99843672023-03-05 The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour Warechowska, Małgorzata Anders, Andrzej Warechowski, Józef Bramowicz, Mirosław Markowska-Mendik, Agnieszka Rejmer, Wojciech Tyburski, Józef Kulesza, Sławomir Sci Rep Article Previous research has shown that the endosperm microstructure and physical properties of grain have significance in grain processing and in the development of processing machines. The aim of our study was to analyze the endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties, and specific milling energy of organic spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour. Image analysis combined with fractal analysis was used to describe the microstructural differences of the endosperm of spelt grain. The endosperm morphology of spelt kernels was monofractal, isotropic, and complex. A higher proportion of Type-A starch granules resulted in an increased proportion of voids and interphase boundaries in the endosperm. Changes in the fractal dimension were correlated with kernel hardness, specific milling energy, the particle size distribution of flour, and the starch damage rate. Spelt cultivars varied in size and shape of the kernels. Kernel hardness was a property that differentiated specific milling energy, particle size distribution of flour, and starch damage rate. Fractal analysis may be considered as a useful tool for evaluating milling processes in the future. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9984367/ /pubmed/36869096 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30285-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Warechowska, Małgorzata Anders, Andrzej Warechowski, Józef Bramowicz, Mirosław Markowska-Mendik, Agnieszka Rejmer, Wojciech Tyburski, Józef Kulesza, Sławomir The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour |
title | The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour |
title_full | The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour |
title_fullStr | The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour |
title_full_unstemmed | The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour |
title_short | The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour |
title_sort | endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9984367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36869096 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30285-9 |
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