Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)

Numerous collecting expeditions of Theobroma cacao L. germplasm have been undertaken in Latin-America. However, most of this germplasm has not contributed to cacao improvement because its relationship to cultivated selections was poorly understood. Germplasm labeling errors have impeded breeding and...

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Autores principales: Motamayor, Juan C., Lachenaud, Philippe, da Silva e Mota, Jay Wallace, Loor, Rey, Kuhn, David N., Brown, J. Steven, Schnell, Raymond J.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2008
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551746/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18827930
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003311
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author Motamayor, Juan C.
Lachenaud, Philippe
da Silva e Mota, Jay Wallace
Loor, Rey
Kuhn, David N.
Brown, J. Steven
Schnell, Raymond J.
author_facet Motamayor, Juan C.
Lachenaud, Philippe
da Silva e Mota, Jay Wallace
Loor, Rey
Kuhn, David N.
Brown, J. Steven
Schnell, Raymond J.
author_sort Motamayor, Juan C.
collection PubMed
description Numerous collecting expeditions of Theobroma cacao L. germplasm have been undertaken in Latin-America. However, most of this germplasm has not contributed to cacao improvement because its relationship to cultivated selections was poorly understood. Germplasm labeling errors have impeded breeding and confounded the interpretation of diversity analyses. To improve the understanding of the origin, classification, and population differentiation within the species, 1241 accessions covering a large geographic sampling were genotyped with 106 microsatellite markers. After discarding mislabeled samples, 10 genetic clusters, as opposed to the two genetic groups traditionally recognized within T. cacao, were found by applying Bayesian statistics. This leads us to propose a new classification of the cacao germplasm that will enhance its management. The results also provide new insights into the diversification of Amazon species in general, with the pattern of differentiation of the populations studied supporting the palaeoarches hypothesis of species diversification. The origin of the traditional cacao cultivars is also enlightened in this study.
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spelling pubmed-25517462008-10-01 Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L) Motamayor, Juan C. Lachenaud, Philippe da Silva e Mota, Jay Wallace Loor, Rey Kuhn, David N. Brown, J. Steven Schnell, Raymond J. PLoS One Research Article Numerous collecting expeditions of Theobroma cacao L. germplasm have been undertaken in Latin-America. However, most of this germplasm has not contributed to cacao improvement because its relationship to cultivated selections was poorly understood. Germplasm labeling errors have impeded breeding and confounded the interpretation of diversity analyses. To improve the understanding of the origin, classification, and population differentiation within the species, 1241 accessions covering a large geographic sampling were genotyped with 106 microsatellite markers. After discarding mislabeled samples, 10 genetic clusters, as opposed to the two genetic groups traditionally recognized within T. cacao, were found by applying Bayesian statistics. This leads us to propose a new classification of the cacao germplasm that will enhance its management. The results also provide new insights into the diversification of Amazon species in general, with the pattern of differentiation of the populations studied supporting the palaeoarches hypothesis of species diversification. The origin of the traditional cacao cultivars is also enlightened in this study. Public Library of Science 2008-10-01 /pmc/articles/PMC2551746/ /pubmed/18827930 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003311 Text en This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.
spellingShingle Research Article
Motamayor, Juan C.
Lachenaud, Philippe
da Silva e Mota, Jay Wallace
Loor, Rey
Kuhn, David N.
Brown, J. Steven
Schnell, Raymond J.
Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)
title Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)
title_full Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)
title_fullStr Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)
title_full_unstemmed Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)
title_short Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L)
title_sort geographic and genetic population differentiation of the amazonian chocolate tree (theobroma cacao l)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551746/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18827930
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003311
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