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Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish
A major obstacle in treating drug addiction is the severity of opiate withdrawal syndrome, which can lead to unwanted relapse. Mitragynine is the major alkaloid compound found in leaves of Mitragyna speciosa, a plant widely used by opiate addicts to mitigate the harshness of drug withdrawal. A serie...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22205946 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028340 |
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author | Khor, Beng-Siang Amar Jamil, Mohd Fadzly Adenan, Mohamad Ilham Chong Shu-Chien, Alexander |
author_facet | Khor, Beng-Siang Amar Jamil, Mohd Fadzly Adenan, Mohamad Ilham Chong Shu-Chien, Alexander |
author_sort | Khor, Beng-Siang |
collection | PubMed |
description | A major obstacle in treating drug addiction is the severity of opiate withdrawal syndrome, which can lead to unwanted relapse. Mitragynine is the major alkaloid compound found in leaves of Mitragyna speciosa, a plant widely used by opiate addicts to mitigate the harshness of drug withdrawal. A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the effect of mitragynine on anxiety behavior, cortisol level and expression of stress pathway related genes in zebrafish undergoing morphine withdrawal phase. Adult zebrafish were subjected to two weeks chronic morphine exposure at 1.5 mg/L, followed by withdrawal for 24 hours prior to tests. Using the novel tank diving tests, we first showed that morphine-withdrawn zebrafish display anxiety-related swimming behaviors such as decreased exploratory behavior and increased erratic movement. Morphine withdrawal also elevated whole-body cortisol levels, which confirms the phenotypic stress-like behaviors. Exposing morphine-withdrawn fish to mitragynine however attenuates majority of the stress-related swimming behaviors and concomitantly lower whole-body cortisol level. Using real-time PCR gene expression analysis, we also showed that mitragynine reduces the mRNA expression of corticotropin releasing factor receptors and prodynorphin in zebrafish brain during morphine withdrawal phase, revealing for the first time a possible link between mitragynine's ability to attenuate anxiety during opiate withdrawal with the stress-related corticotropin pathway. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3244390 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32443902011-12-28 Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish Khor, Beng-Siang Amar Jamil, Mohd Fadzly Adenan, Mohamad Ilham Chong Shu-Chien, Alexander PLoS One Research Article A major obstacle in treating drug addiction is the severity of opiate withdrawal syndrome, which can lead to unwanted relapse. Mitragynine is the major alkaloid compound found in leaves of Mitragyna speciosa, a plant widely used by opiate addicts to mitigate the harshness of drug withdrawal. A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the effect of mitragynine on anxiety behavior, cortisol level and expression of stress pathway related genes in zebrafish undergoing morphine withdrawal phase. Adult zebrafish were subjected to two weeks chronic morphine exposure at 1.5 mg/L, followed by withdrawal for 24 hours prior to tests. Using the novel tank diving tests, we first showed that morphine-withdrawn zebrafish display anxiety-related swimming behaviors such as decreased exploratory behavior and increased erratic movement. Morphine withdrawal also elevated whole-body cortisol levels, which confirms the phenotypic stress-like behaviors. Exposing morphine-withdrawn fish to mitragynine however attenuates majority of the stress-related swimming behaviors and concomitantly lower whole-body cortisol level. Using real-time PCR gene expression analysis, we also showed that mitragynine reduces the mRNA expression of corticotropin releasing factor receptors and prodynorphin in zebrafish brain during morphine withdrawal phase, revealing for the first time a possible link between mitragynine's ability to attenuate anxiety during opiate withdrawal with the stress-related corticotropin pathway. Public Library of Science 2011-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC3244390/ /pubmed/22205946 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028340 Text en Khor et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Khor, Beng-Siang Amar Jamil, Mohd Fadzly Adenan, Mohamad Ilham Chong Shu-Chien, Alexander Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish |
title | Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish |
title_full | Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish |
title_fullStr | Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish |
title_full_unstemmed | Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish |
title_short | Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish |
title_sort | mitragynine attenuates withdrawal syndrome in morphine-withdrawn zebrafish |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22205946 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028340 |
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