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The metastatic niche and stromal progression
The tumor stroma is comprised of extracellular matrix, non-malignant cells, and the signaling molecules they produce. It is an integral and vital component of primary tumors that together with the underlying genetic defects in the tumor cells determines the growth characteristics, morphology, and in...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer US
2012
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3470821/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22699312 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-012-9373-9 |
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author | Sleeman, Jonathan P. |
author_facet | Sleeman, Jonathan P. |
author_sort | Sleeman, Jonathan P. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The tumor stroma is comprised of extracellular matrix, non-malignant cells, and the signaling molecules they produce. It is an integral and vital component of primary tumors that together with the underlying genetic defects in the tumor cells determines the growth characteristics, morphology, and invasiveness of the tumor. In parallel to continuing genetic changes in the tumor cells themselves, the tumor stroma progressively evolves during primary tumor development. Cancer cells that disseminate from primary tumors are dependent on this stromal microenvironment, and therefore the microenvironment they encounter at secondary sites determines their fate. For those cells that survive at these sites, stromal progression can serve to re-establish a supportive tumor stroma, fostering the outgrowth of the cells as metastases. Formation of a metastatic niche that supports the survival and growth of disseminated tumor cells is a key feature of this stromal progression. The endogenous organ microenvironment can provide components of the metastatic niche. In addition, microenvironmental changes in organs prior to receipt of disseminated tumor cells can be induced by factors secreted systemically by primary tumors, causing the formation of pre-metastatic niches. Further maturation of metastatic niches can be responsible for the re-activation of dormant disseminated tumor cells many years after removal of the primary tumor. The concept of the metastatic niche and stromal progression has profound consequences for our understanding of metastatic disease, and promises to open up new strategies for the diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and therapy of cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3470821 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34708212012-10-18 The metastatic niche and stromal progression Sleeman, Jonathan P. Cancer Metastasis Rev Article The tumor stroma is comprised of extracellular matrix, non-malignant cells, and the signaling molecules they produce. It is an integral and vital component of primary tumors that together with the underlying genetic defects in the tumor cells determines the growth characteristics, morphology, and invasiveness of the tumor. In parallel to continuing genetic changes in the tumor cells themselves, the tumor stroma progressively evolves during primary tumor development. Cancer cells that disseminate from primary tumors are dependent on this stromal microenvironment, and therefore the microenvironment they encounter at secondary sites determines their fate. For those cells that survive at these sites, stromal progression can serve to re-establish a supportive tumor stroma, fostering the outgrowth of the cells as metastases. Formation of a metastatic niche that supports the survival and growth of disseminated tumor cells is a key feature of this stromal progression. The endogenous organ microenvironment can provide components of the metastatic niche. In addition, microenvironmental changes in organs prior to receipt of disseminated tumor cells can be induced by factors secreted systemically by primary tumors, causing the formation of pre-metastatic niches. Further maturation of metastatic niches can be responsible for the re-activation of dormant disseminated tumor cells many years after removal of the primary tumor. The concept of the metastatic niche and stromal progression has profound consequences for our understanding of metastatic disease, and promises to open up new strategies for the diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and therapy of cancer. Springer US 2012-06-15 2012 /pmc/articles/PMC3470821/ /pubmed/22699312 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-012-9373-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Article Sleeman, Jonathan P. The metastatic niche and stromal progression |
title | The metastatic niche and stromal progression |
title_full | The metastatic niche and stromal progression |
title_fullStr | The metastatic niche and stromal progression |
title_full_unstemmed | The metastatic niche and stromal progression |
title_short | The metastatic niche and stromal progression |
title_sort | metastatic niche and stromal progression |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3470821/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22699312 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-012-9373-9 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sleemanjonathanp themetastaticnicheandstromalprogression AT sleemanjonathanp metastaticnicheandstromalprogression |