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Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
BACKGROUND: Soy and red clover isoflavones are controversial due to purported estrogenic activity and possible effects on breast cancer. We conducted a systematic review of soy and red clover for efficacy in improving menopausal symptoms in women with breast cancer, and for potential impact on risk...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24312387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081968 |
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author | Fritz, Heidi Seely, Dugald Flower, Gillian Skidmore, Becky Fernandes, Rochelle Vadeboncoeur, Sarah Kennedy, Deborah Cooley, Kieran Wong, Raimond Sagar, Stephen Sabri, Elham Fergusson, Dean |
author_facet | Fritz, Heidi Seely, Dugald Flower, Gillian Skidmore, Becky Fernandes, Rochelle Vadeboncoeur, Sarah Kennedy, Deborah Cooley, Kieran Wong, Raimond Sagar, Stephen Sabri, Elham Fergusson, Dean |
author_sort | Fritz, Heidi |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Soy and red clover isoflavones are controversial due to purported estrogenic activity and possible effects on breast cancer. We conducted a systematic review of soy and red clover for efficacy in improving menopausal symptoms in women with breast cancer, and for potential impact on risk of breast cancer incidence or recurrence. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and AMED from inception to March 2013 for human interventional or observational data pertaining to the safety and efficacy of soy and red clover isoflavones in patients with or at risk of breast cancer. RESULTS: Of 4179 records, we included a total of 131 articles: 40 RCTs, 11 uncontrolled trials, and 80 observational studies. Five RCTs reported on the efficacy of soy for hot flashes, showing no significant reductions in hot flashes compared to placebo. There is lack of evidence showing harm from use of soy with respect to risk of breast cancer or recurrence, based on long term observational data. Soy intake consistent with that of a traditional Japanese diet (2-3 servings daily, containing 25-50mg isoflavones) may be protective against breast cancer and recurrence. Human trials show that soy does not increase circulating estradiol or affect estrogen-responsive target tissues. Prospective data of soy use in women taking tamoxifen does not indicate increased risk of recurrence. Evidence on red clover is limited, however existing studies suggest that it may not possess breast cancer-promoting effects. CONCLUSION: Soy consumption may be associated with reduced risk of breast cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. Soy does not have estrogenic effects in humans. Soy intake consistent with a traditional Japanese diet appears safe for breast cancer survivors. While there is no clear evidence of harm, better evidence confirming safety is required before use of high dose (≥100mg) isoflavones can be recommended for breast cancer patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3842968 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38429682013-12-05 Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review Fritz, Heidi Seely, Dugald Flower, Gillian Skidmore, Becky Fernandes, Rochelle Vadeboncoeur, Sarah Kennedy, Deborah Cooley, Kieran Wong, Raimond Sagar, Stephen Sabri, Elham Fergusson, Dean PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Soy and red clover isoflavones are controversial due to purported estrogenic activity and possible effects on breast cancer. We conducted a systematic review of soy and red clover for efficacy in improving menopausal symptoms in women with breast cancer, and for potential impact on risk of breast cancer incidence or recurrence. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and AMED from inception to March 2013 for human interventional or observational data pertaining to the safety and efficacy of soy and red clover isoflavones in patients with or at risk of breast cancer. RESULTS: Of 4179 records, we included a total of 131 articles: 40 RCTs, 11 uncontrolled trials, and 80 observational studies. Five RCTs reported on the efficacy of soy for hot flashes, showing no significant reductions in hot flashes compared to placebo. There is lack of evidence showing harm from use of soy with respect to risk of breast cancer or recurrence, based on long term observational data. Soy intake consistent with that of a traditional Japanese diet (2-3 servings daily, containing 25-50mg isoflavones) may be protective against breast cancer and recurrence. Human trials show that soy does not increase circulating estradiol or affect estrogen-responsive target tissues. Prospective data of soy use in women taking tamoxifen does not indicate increased risk of recurrence. Evidence on red clover is limited, however existing studies suggest that it may not possess breast cancer-promoting effects. CONCLUSION: Soy consumption may be associated with reduced risk of breast cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. Soy does not have estrogenic effects in humans. Soy intake consistent with a traditional Japanese diet appears safe for breast cancer survivors. While there is no clear evidence of harm, better evidence confirming safety is required before use of high dose (≥100mg) isoflavones can be recommended for breast cancer patients. Public Library of Science 2013-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3842968/ /pubmed/24312387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081968 Text en © 2013 Fritz et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Fritz, Heidi Seely, Dugald Flower, Gillian Skidmore, Becky Fernandes, Rochelle Vadeboncoeur, Sarah Kennedy, Deborah Cooley, Kieran Wong, Raimond Sagar, Stephen Sabri, Elham Fergusson, Dean Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review |
title | Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review |
title_full | Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr | Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review |
title_short | Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review |
title_sort | soy, red clover, and isoflavones and breast cancer: a systematic review |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24312387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081968 |
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