Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy
Routine use of diuretics and neurohumoral activation make hypokalemia (serum K(+) < 3. 5 mM) a prevalent electrolyte disorder among heart failure patients, contributing to the increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in heart failure. Recent experimental studies have sug...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6234658/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30464746 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01500 |
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author | Skogestad, Jonas Aronsen, Jan Magnus |
author_facet | Skogestad, Jonas Aronsen, Jan Magnus |
author_sort | Skogestad, Jonas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Routine use of diuretics and neurohumoral activation make hypokalemia (serum K(+) < 3. 5 mM) a prevalent electrolyte disorder among heart failure patients, contributing to the increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in heart failure. Recent experimental studies have suggested that hypokalemia-induced arrhythmias are initiated by the reduced activity of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA), subsequently leading to Ca(2+) overload, Ca(2+)/Calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activation, and development of afterdepolarizations. In this article, we review the current mechanistic evidence of hypokalemia-induced triggered arrhythmias and discuss how molecular changes in heart failure might lower the threshold for these arrhythmias. Finally, we discuss how recent insights into hypokalemia-induced arrhythmias could have potential implications for future antiarrhythmic treatment strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6234658 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-62346582018-11-21 Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy Skogestad, Jonas Aronsen, Jan Magnus Front Physiol Physiology Routine use of diuretics and neurohumoral activation make hypokalemia (serum K(+) < 3. 5 mM) a prevalent electrolyte disorder among heart failure patients, contributing to the increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in heart failure. Recent experimental studies have suggested that hypokalemia-induced arrhythmias are initiated by the reduced activity of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA), subsequently leading to Ca(2+) overload, Ca(2+)/Calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activation, and development of afterdepolarizations. In this article, we review the current mechanistic evidence of hypokalemia-induced triggered arrhythmias and discuss how molecular changes in heart failure might lower the threshold for these arrhythmias. Finally, we discuss how recent insights into hypokalemia-induced arrhythmias could have potential implications for future antiarrhythmic treatment strategies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6234658/ /pubmed/30464746 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01500 Text en Copyright © 2018 Skogestad and Aronsen. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Skogestad, Jonas Aronsen, Jan Magnus Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy |
title | Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy |
title_full | Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy |
title_fullStr | Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy |
title_short | Hypokalemia-Induced Arrhythmias and Heart Failure: New Insights and Implications for Therapy |
title_sort | hypokalemia-induced arrhythmias and heart failure: new insights and implications for therapy |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6234658/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30464746 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01500 |
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