Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene
The hydrogen isotopes deuterium (D) and tritium (T) have become essential tools of chemistry, biology, and medicine.(1) Beyond their widespread use in spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and mechanistic and pharmacokinetic studies, there has been considerable interest in incorporating deuterium into dr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250047/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32433618 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2268-y |
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author | Smith, Jacob A. Wilson, Katy B. Sonstrom, Reilly E. Kelleher, Patrick J. Welch, Kevin D. Pert, Emmit K. Westendorff, Karl S. Dickie, Diane A. Wang, Xiaoping Pate, Brooks H. Harman, W. Dean |
author_facet | Smith, Jacob A. Wilson, Katy B. Sonstrom, Reilly E. Kelleher, Patrick J. Welch, Kevin D. Pert, Emmit K. Westendorff, Karl S. Dickie, Diane A. Wang, Xiaoping Pate, Brooks H. Harman, W. Dean |
author_sort | Smith, Jacob A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The hydrogen isotopes deuterium (D) and tritium (T) have become essential tools of chemistry, biology, and medicine.(1) Beyond their widespread use in spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and mechanistic and pharmacokinetic studies, there has been considerable interest in incorporating deuterium into drug molecules.(1) The deuterium kinetic isotope effect (DKIE), which compares the rate of a chemical reaction for a compound to its deuterated counterpart, can be dramatic.(1–3) The strategic replacement of hydrogen with deuterium can affect both the rate of metabolism and distribution of metabolites for a compound,(4) improving the efficacy and safety of the drug. Deutetrabenazine, a promising treatment for Huntington’s disease,(5) recently became the first deuterated drug to win FDA-approval.The pharmacokinetics of a deuterated compound depend on the location(s) of D. While methods currently exist for deuterium incorporation at both early and late stages of a drug’s synthesis,(6–7) these processes are often unselective and the stereoisotopic purity can be difficult to measure.(7–8) Here, we describe the preparation of stereoselectively deuterated building blocks for pharmaceutical research. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a four-step conversion of benzene to cyclohexene with varying degrees of D incorporation, as bound to a tungsten complex. Using different combinations of deuterated and proteated acid and hydride reagents, the deuterated positions can be precisely controlled on the cyclohexene ring. In total, 52 unique stereoisotopomers of cyclohexene are available, in the form of ten different isotopologues. This concept can be extended to prepare discrete stereoisotopomers of functionalized cyclohexenes. Such systematic methods for the preparation of pharmacologically active compounds as discrete stereoisotopomers could improve pharmacological and toxicological properties of drugs and provide new mechanistic information related to their distribution and metabolism in the body. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7250047 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72500472020-11-20 Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene Smith, Jacob A. Wilson, Katy B. Sonstrom, Reilly E. Kelleher, Patrick J. Welch, Kevin D. Pert, Emmit K. Westendorff, Karl S. Dickie, Diane A. Wang, Xiaoping Pate, Brooks H. Harman, W. Dean Nature Article The hydrogen isotopes deuterium (D) and tritium (T) have become essential tools of chemistry, biology, and medicine.(1) Beyond their widespread use in spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and mechanistic and pharmacokinetic studies, there has been considerable interest in incorporating deuterium into drug molecules.(1) The deuterium kinetic isotope effect (DKIE), which compares the rate of a chemical reaction for a compound to its deuterated counterpart, can be dramatic.(1–3) The strategic replacement of hydrogen with deuterium can affect both the rate of metabolism and distribution of metabolites for a compound,(4) improving the efficacy and safety of the drug. Deutetrabenazine, a promising treatment for Huntington’s disease,(5) recently became the first deuterated drug to win FDA-approval.The pharmacokinetics of a deuterated compound depend on the location(s) of D. While methods currently exist for deuterium incorporation at both early and late stages of a drug’s synthesis,(6–7) these processes are often unselective and the stereoisotopic purity can be difficult to measure.(7–8) Here, we describe the preparation of stereoselectively deuterated building blocks for pharmaceutical research. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a four-step conversion of benzene to cyclohexene with varying degrees of D incorporation, as bound to a tungsten complex. Using different combinations of deuterated and proteated acid and hydride reagents, the deuterated positions can be precisely controlled on the cyclohexene ring. In total, 52 unique stereoisotopomers of cyclohexene are available, in the form of ten different isotopologues. This concept can be extended to prepare discrete stereoisotopomers of functionalized cyclohexenes. Such systematic methods for the preparation of pharmacologically active compounds as discrete stereoisotopomers could improve pharmacological and toxicological properties of drugs and provide new mechanistic information related to their distribution and metabolism in the body. 2020-05-20 2020-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7250047/ /pubmed/32433618 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2268-y Text en Reprints and permissions information is available at www.nature.com/reprints (http://www.nature.com/reprints) . Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms |
spellingShingle | Article Smith, Jacob A. Wilson, Katy B. Sonstrom, Reilly E. Kelleher, Patrick J. Welch, Kevin D. Pert, Emmit K. Westendorff, Karl S. Dickie, Diane A. Wang, Xiaoping Pate, Brooks H. Harman, W. Dean Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene |
title | Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene |
title_full | Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene |
title_fullStr | Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene |
title_full_unstemmed | Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene |
title_short | Preparation of Cyclohexene Isotopologues and Stereoisotopomers from Benzene |
title_sort | preparation of cyclohexene isotopologues and stereoisotopomers from benzene |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250047/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32433618 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2268-y |
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