Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model

This study was conducted to comparatively assess the anthelminthic activity of leaves, stem bark, and seeds of Carica papaya, in order to identify which of the plant parts possess the highest anthelminthic activity. Three concentrations of ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of the plant parts (1 ...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Goku, Phoebe Esinam, Orman, Emmanuel, Quartey, Anna Naa Kwarley, Ansong, George Twum, Asare-Gyan, Elsam Baffour
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7251459/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32508958
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9717304
_version_ 1783538970995458048
author Goku, Phoebe Esinam
Orman, Emmanuel
Quartey, Anna Naa Kwarley
Ansong, George Twum
Asare-Gyan, Elsam Baffour
author_facet Goku, Phoebe Esinam
Orman, Emmanuel
Quartey, Anna Naa Kwarley
Ansong, George Twum
Asare-Gyan, Elsam Baffour
author_sort Goku, Phoebe Esinam
collection PubMed
description This study was conducted to comparatively assess the anthelminthic activity of leaves, stem bark, and seeds of Carica papaya, in order to identify which of the plant parts possess the highest anthelminthic activity. Three concentrations of ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of the plant parts (1 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, and 5 mg/ml) were prepared and tested against Pheretima posthuma using albendazole as the positive control and 0.9% normal saline solution as the negative control. Preliminary phytochemical investigation showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, and reducing sugars of glycosides present in all the crude extracts of Carica papaya. Tannins were observed only in extracts of the leaves, while fixed oils were only present in the extracts of the seeds. The results of the anthelminthic activity testing indicated that all crude extracts prepared were more effective than albendazole in reducing paralysis time (p < 0.0001) and death time (p < 0.0001). It was further shown that the extracts from the seeds (SE and SHE) were more effective than the extracts from the stem bark and leaves both in reducing paralysis and death times. Fractionation of SE provided a fraction, SE(B), which was more effective than SE both in reducing paralysis and death times (p < 0.0001) and was established to contain fixed oils. The outcome of the current study has provided a scientific justification for the preference of the seeds of Carica papaya for the treatment of helminth infections and has shown that the fixed oils present in the seeds could be responsible for such activity.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7251459
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher Hindawi
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-72514592020-06-06 Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model Goku, Phoebe Esinam Orman, Emmanuel Quartey, Anna Naa Kwarley Ansong, George Twum Asare-Gyan, Elsam Baffour Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Research Article This study was conducted to comparatively assess the anthelminthic activity of leaves, stem bark, and seeds of Carica papaya, in order to identify which of the plant parts possess the highest anthelminthic activity. Three concentrations of ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of the plant parts (1 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, and 5 mg/ml) were prepared and tested against Pheretima posthuma using albendazole as the positive control and 0.9% normal saline solution as the negative control. Preliminary phytochemical investigation showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, and reducing sugars of glycosides present in all the crude extracts of Carica papaya. Tannins were observed only in extracts of the leaves, while fixed oils were only present in the extracts of the seeds. The results of the anthelminthic activity testing indicated that all crude extracts prepared were more effective than albendazole in reducing paralysis time (p < 0.0001) and death time (p < 0.0001). It was further shown that the extracts from the seeds (SE and SHE) were more effective than the extracts from the stem bark and leaves both in reducing paralysis and death times. Fractionation of SE provided a fraction, SE(B), which was more effective than SE both in reducing paralysis and death times (p < 0.0001) and was established to contain fixed oils. The outcome of the current study has provided a scientific justification for the preference of the seeds of Carica papaya for the treatment of helminth infections and has shown that the fixed oils present in the seeds could be responsible for such activity. Hindawi 2020-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7251459/ /pubmed/32508958 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9717304 Text en Copyright © 2020 Phoebe Esinam Goku et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Goku, Phoebe Esinam
Orman, Emmanuel
Quartey, Anna Naa Kwarley
Ansong, George Twum
Asare-Gyan, Elsam Baffour
Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model
title Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model
title_full Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model
title_fullStr Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model
title_full_unstemmed Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model
title_short Comparative Evaluation of the In Vitro Anthelminthic Effects of the Leaves, Stem, and Seeds of Carica papaya (Linn) Using the Pheretima posthuma Model
title_sort comparative evaluation of the in vitro anthelminthic effects of the leaves, stem, and seeds of carica papaya (linn) using the pheretima posthuma model
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7251459/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32508958
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9717304
work_keys_str_mv AT gokuphoebeesinam comparativeevaluationoftheinvitroanthelminthiceffectsoftheleavesstemandseedsofcaricapapayalinnusingthepheretimaposthumamodel
AT ormanemmanuel comparativeevaluationoftheinvitroanthelminthiceffectsoftheleavesstemandseedsofcaricapapayalinnusingthepheretimaposthumamodel
AT quarteyannanaakwarley comparativeevaluationoftheinvitroanthelminthiceffectsoftheleavesstemandseedsofcaricapapayalinnusingthepheretimaposthumamodel
AT ansonggeorgetwum comparativeevaluationoftheinvitroanthelminthiceffectsoftheleavesstemandseedsofcaricapapayalinnusingthepheretimaposthumamodel
AT asaregyanelsambaffour comparativeevaluationoftheinvitroanthelminthiceffectsoftheleavesstemandseedsofcaricapapayalinnusingthepheretimaposthumamodel