Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs

Genome-wide RNA sequencing has shown that only a small fraction of the human genome is transcribed into protein-coding mRNAs. While once thought to be “junk” DNA, recent findings indicate that the rest of the genome encodes many types of non-coding RNA molecules with a myriad of functions still bein...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sedano, Melina J., Harrison, Alana L., Zilaie, Mina, Das, Chandrima, Choudhari, Ramesh, Ramos, Enrique, Gadad, Shrikanth S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7279485/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32466143
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103711
_version_ 1783543573484929024
author Sedano, Melina J.
Harrison, Alana L.
Zilaie, Mina
Das, Chandrima
Choudhari, Ramesh
Ramos, Enrique
Gadad, Shrikanth S.
author_facet Sedano, Melina J.
Harrison, Alana L.
Zilaie, Mina
Das, Chandrima
Choudhari, Ramesh
Ramos, Enrique
Gadad, Shrikanth S.
author_sort Sedano, Melina J.
collection PubMed
description Genome-wide RNA sequencing has shown that only a small fraction of the human genome is transcribed into protein-coding mRNAs. While once thought to be “junk” DNA, recent findings indicate that the rest of the genome encodes many types of non-coding RNA molecules with a myriad of functions still being determined. Among the non-coding RNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and enhancer RNAs (eRNA) are found to be most copious. While their exact biological functions and mechanisms of action are currently unknown, technologies such as next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and global nuclear run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) have begun deciphering their expression patterns and biological significance. In addition to their identification, it has been shown that the expression of long non-coding RNAs and enhancer RNAs can vary due to spatial, temporal, developmental, or hormonal variations. In this review, we explore newly reported information on estrogen-regulated eRNAs and lncRNAs and their associated biological functions to help outline their markedly prominent roles in estrogen-dependent signaling.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7279485
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-72794852020-06-17 Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs Sedano, Melina J. Harrison, Alana L. Zilaie, Mina Das, Chandrima Choudhari, Ramesh Ramos, Enrique Gadad, Shrikanth S. Int J Mol Sci Review Genome-wide RNA sequencing has shown that only a small fraction of the human genome is transcribed into protein-coding mRNAs. While once thought to be “junk” DNA, recent findings indicate that the rest of the genome encodes many types of non-coding RNA molecules with a myriad of functions still being determined. Among the non-coding RNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and enhancer RNAs (eRNA) are found to be most copious. While their exact biological functions and mechanisms of action are currently unknown, technologies such as next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and global nuclear run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) have begun deciphering their expression patterns and biological significance. In addition to their identification, it has been shown that the expression of long non-coding RNAs and enhancer RNAs can vary due to spatial, temporal, developmental, or hormonal variations. In this review, we explore newly reported information on estrogen-regulated eRNAs and lncRNAs and their associated biological functions to help outline their markedly prominent roles in estrogen-dependent signaling. MDPI 2020-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7279485/ /pubmed/32466143 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103711 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sedano, Melina J.
Harrison, Alana L.
Zilaie, Mina
Das, Chandrima
Choudhari, Ramesh
Ramos, Enrique
Gadad, Shrikanth S.
Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs
title Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs
title_full Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs
title_fullStr Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs
title_short Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs
title_sort emerging roles of estrogen-regulated enhancer and long non-coding rnas
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7279485/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32466143
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103711
work_keys_str_mv AT sedanomelinaj emergingrolesofestrogenregulatedenhancerandlongnoncodingrnas
AT harrisonalanal emergingrolesofestrogenregulatedenhancerandlongnoncodingrnas
AT zilaiemina emergingrolesofestrogenregulatedenhancerandlongnoncodingrnas
AT daschandrima emergingrolesofestrogenregulatedenhancerandlongnoncodingrnas
AT choudhariramesh emergingrolesofestrogenregulatedenhancerandlongnoncodingrnas
AT ramosenrique emergingrolesofestrogenregulatedenhancerandlongnoncodingrnas
AT gadadshrikanths emergingrolesofestrogenregulatedenhancerandlongnoncodingrnas