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Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores

Widespread availability of antibiotics without prescription potentially facilitates overuse and contributes to selection pressure for antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Prior to this study, anecdotal observations in Guatemala identified corner stores as primary antibiotic dispensaries, where people p...

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Autores principales: Moreno, Purificación, Cerón, Alejandro, Sosa, Karen, Morales, Marinees, Grajeda, Laura M., Lopez, Maria Renee, McCraken, John P., Cordón-Rosales, Celia, Palmer, Guy H., Call, Douglas R., Ramay, Brooke M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7518585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32976542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239873
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author Moreno, Purificación
Cerón, Alejandro
Sosa, Karen
Morales, Marinees
Grajeda, Laura M.
Lopez, Maria Renee
McCraken, John P.
Cordón-Rosales, Celia
Palmer, Guy H.
Call, Douglas R.
Ramay, Brooke M.
author_facet Moreno, Purificación
Cerón, Alejandro
Sosa, Karen
Morales, Marinees
Grajeda, Laura M.
Lopez, Maria Renee
McCraken, John P.
Cordón-Rosales, Celia
Palmer, Guy H.
Call, Douglas R.
Ramay, Brooke M.
author_sort Moreno, Purificación
collection PubMed
description Widespread availability of antibiotics without prescription potentially facilitates overuse and contributes to selection pressure for antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Prior to this study, anecdotal observations in Guatemala identified corner stores as primary antibiotic dispensaries, where people purchase antibiotics without prescriptions. We carried out a cross sectional study to document the number and types of antibiotics available in corner stores, in four study areas in Guatemala. A total of 443 corner stores were surveyed, of which 295 (67%) sold antibiotics. The most commonly available antibiotics were amoxicillin, found in 246/295 (83%) stores, and tetracycline, found in 195/295 (66%) stores. Over the counter sales result from laissez-faire enforcement of antibiotic dispensing regulations in Guatemala combined with patient demand. This study serves as a baseline to document changes in the availability of antibiotics in informal establishments in light of new pharmacy regulations for antibiotic dispensing, which were adopted after this study was completed.
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spelling pubmed-75185852020-10-01 Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores Moreno, Purificación Cerón, Alejandro Sosa, Karen Morales, Marinees Grajeda, Laura M. Lopez, Maria Renee McCraken, John P. Cordón-Rosales, Celia Palmer, Guy H. Call, Douglas R. Ramay, Brooke M. PLoS One Research Article Widespread availability of antibiotics without prescription potentially facilitates overuse and contributes to selection pressure for antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Prior to this study, anecdotal observations in Guatemala identified corner stores as primary antibiotic dispensaries, where people purchase antibiotics without prescriptions. We carried out a cross sectional study to document the number and types of antibiotics available in corner stores, in four study areas in Guatemala. A total of 443 corner stores were surveyed, of which 295 (67%) sold antibiotics. The most commonly available antibiotics were amoxicillin, found in 246/295 (83%) stores, and tetracycline, found in 195/295 (66%) stores. Over the counter sales result from laissez-faire enforcement of antibiotic dispensing regulations in Guatemala combined with patient demand. This study serves as a baseline to document changes in the availability of antibiotics in informal establishments in light of new pharmacy regulations for antibiotic dispensing, which were adopted after this study was completed. Public Library of Science 2020-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7518585/ /pubmed/32976542 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239873 Text en © 2020 Moreno et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Moreno, Purificación
Cerón, Alejandro
Sosa, Karen
Morales, Marinees
Grajeda, Laura M.
Lopez, Maria Renee
McCraken, John P.
Cordón-Rosales, Celia
Palmer, Guy H.
Call, Douglas R.
Ramay, Brooke M.
Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores
title Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores
title_full Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores
title_fullStr Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores
title_full_unstemmed Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores
title_short Availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in Guatemalan corner stores
title_sort availability of over-the-counter antibiotics in guatemalan corner stores
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7518585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32976542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239873
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