Cargando…
Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision
Sensory processing necessitates discarding some information in service of preserving and reformatting more behaviorally relevant information. Sensory neurons seem to achieve this by responding selectively to particular combinations of features in their inputs, while averaging over or ignoring irrele...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8319169/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34321483 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24880-5 |
_version_ | 1783730393008046080 |
---|---|
author | Ziemba, Corey M. Simoncelli, Eero P. |
author_facet | Ziemba, Corey M. Simoncelli, Eero P. |
author_sort | Ziemba, Corey M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sensory processing necessitates discarding some information in service of preserving and reformatting more behaviorally relevant information. Sensory neurons seem to achieve this by responding selectively to particular combinations of features in their inputs, while averaging over or ignoring irrelevant combinations. Here, we expose the perceptual implications of this tradeoff between selectivity and invariance, using stimuli and tasks that explicitly reveal their opposing effects on discrimination performance. We generate texture stimuli with statistics derived from natural photographs, and ask observers to perform two different tasks: Discrimination between images drawn from families with different statistics, and discrimination between image samples with identical statistics. For both tasks, the performance of an ideal observer improves with stimulus size. In contrast, humans become better at family discrimination but worse at sample discrimination. We demonstrate through simulations that these behaviors arise naturally in an observer model that relies on a common set of physiologically plausible local statistical measurements for both tasks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8319169 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83191692021-08-03 Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision Ziemba, Corey M. Simoncelli, Eero P. Nat Commun Article Sensory processing necessitates discarding some information in service of preserving and reformatting more behaviorally relevant information. Sensory neurons seem to achieve this by responding selectively to particular combinations of features in their inputs, while averaging over or ignoring irrelevant combinations. Here, we expose the perceptual implications of this tradeoff between selectivity and invariance, using stimuli and tasks that explicitly reveal their opposing effects on discrimination performance. We generate texture stimuli with statistics derived from natural photographs, and ask observers to perform two different tasks: Discrimination between images drawn from families with different statistics, and discrimination between image samples with identical statistics. For both tasks, the performance of an ideal observer improves with stimulus size. In contrast, humans become better at family discrimination but worse at sample discrimination. We demonstrate through simulations that these behaviors arise naturally in an observer model that relies on a common set of physiologically plausible local statistical measurements for both tasks. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8319169/ /pubmed/34321483 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24880-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Ziemba, Corey M. Simoncelli, Eero P. Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision |
title | Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision |
title_full | Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision |
title_fullStr | Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision |
title_full_unstemmed | Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision |
title_short | Opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision |
title_sort | opposing effects of selectivity and invariance in peripheral vision |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8319169/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34321483 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24880-5 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ziembacoreym opposingeffectsofselectivityandinvarianceinperipheralvision AT simoncellieerop opposingeffectsofselectivityandinvarianceinperipheralvision |